ВОЛГОГРАДСКИЙ ИНСТИТУТ БИЗНЕСА англ язык

ЧАСТНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ «ВОЛГОГРАДСКИЙ ИНСТИТУТ БИЗНЕСА»
ЗАДАНИЯ ДЛЯ ИТОГОВОГО КОНТРОЛЯ
Вид итогового контроля: экзамен
Критерии выбора заданий: Все задания и упражнения должны быть выполнены.
Требования к содержанию и оформлению письменной работы:
Письменная работа оформляется в формате Microsoft Word. Шрифт 12 или 14. Задания выполняются по порядку. Обязательно указывайте ФИО, группу.
Задание 1
Задания на экзамен 2 семестр
Прочитайте и переведите текст письменно. Выполните задания по тексту.
The legal profession
The court system is dependent upon the legal profession to make it work. Although individuals can institute cases and defend them normally lawyers do this job for them. The legal profession is the normal source of judicial personnel for any court system.
England is almost unique in having two different kinds of lawyers, with separate jobs in the legal system. The two kinds of lawyers are solicitors and barristers. This division of the legal profession is due mainly to historical causes. Each branch has its own characteristic functions and a separate governing body.
The division has a number of significant impacts upon the judicial system. It is the main reason for the separation between civil and criminal courts. It also has a significant impact upon judicial appointments.
The traditional picture of the English lawyer is that the solicitor is the general practitioner, confined mainly to the office. The solicitor is the legal adviser of the public. Members of the public are able to call at a solicitor’s office and seek his advice in a personal interview. The barrister is the specialist adviser much of whose time is taken up with court-room appearance. A barrister can only be consulted indirectly through a solicitor. Today however the lines of demarcation are blurred.
There is approximately one solicitor to every 1300 of the population, with considerable regional and local variations. There is a heavy concentration in commercial centres. The ratio for barristers is about one per every 10,000. Taking the legal profession as a whole (38,500), there is one practising lawyer per 1200 people. This compares with about one lawyer per 600 in the USA. But a lot of work in English solicitor offices in undertaken by managing clerks, now called "legal executives”, who are a third type of lawyers. (Legal executives now have their own professional and examining body - "the Institute of Legal Executives”).

Answer the questions
1.    What are two different kinds of lawyers typical of England?
2.    What is the difference between solicitors and barrisiters?
3.    What is the third type of lawyers in England?
4.    What is the ratio for barrisiters, solicitors and practicing lawyers in England?
Translate into English
1.    Юристы могут заставить работать судебную систему.
2.    В Англии есть два вида юристов.
3.    Это барристеры и солиситоры.
4.    Деление, существующее внутри юридической профессии имеет глубокие исторические корни.
5.    Каждое юридическое подразделение имеет свои функции и органы управления.
6.    Солиситор - это практикующий юрист, работающий в офисе с клиентами.
7.    Барристер - это юрист, который большую часть времени проводит, выступая в суде.
Задание 2.
Прочитайте и переведите статью. Составьте 2 общих вопросительных
предложения, 2 специальных вопросительных предложения и 2 разделительных
вопросительных предложения по тексту статьи с ответами.
California School’s Duty to Report Abuse
In California, the responsibility of school employees to report suspicion of child abuse is not only a component of a person’s moral compass, it’s the law. Communities rely on places like institutions of education to provide an element of safety for children, and teachers and administrators are assumed to uphold that expectation.
According to the California Child Abuse and Neglect Reporting Act there are 39 classifications of "mandated reporters.” They range from teachers, to instructional aides, classified employees of any public school, office administrators and coaches. As the holder of a credential, certificate or permit that authorizes one to work with or observe children, a person is required to report every instance of child abuse or suspected abuse. The only people who may be exempt from this rule are volunteers.
According to the law, a victim of this type of abuse may be any person under the age of 18 and the perpetrator can be any person, including a child. Abuse that must legally be reported includes any suspicious physical injury that was not caused by a mutual affray between minors, sexual abuse and willful harming or injuring of a child’s person or mind.
A mandated reporter must report their suspicions to a Child Protective Agency or police department immediately, or as soon as reasonably possible, by telephone and submit a written report to the agency within 36 hours.
Failure to report in California is a misdemeanor and is punishable by up to six months in jail and/or a fine of $1,000. However, if death or severe bodily injury results from the abuse, the mandated reporter will be found guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by no more than one year in county jail and/or a fine that does not exceed $5,000. A mandated reporter who fails to report may also be found civilly liable for damages.