Англ, вар 5 (Franz Anton Ritter von Gers

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Англ, вар 5 (Franz Anton Ritter von Gerstner)


Контрольная работа №1
Вариант 5
Задание 1. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление прилагательных в сравнительной и превосходной степенях. Подчеркните прилагательные в английских предложениях и укажите степень сравнения.
1. The telephone is one of the most useful inventions.
2. The use of longer rail is advantageous in maintenance work.
3. Your handwriting is now better than it was last year.

Задание 2. Перепишите и переведите предложения, употребив прилагательные, данные в скобках, в сравнительной или превосходной степени.
1. Those were the (happy) days in her life.
2. Oil is (light) than water.
3. He was one of the (experienced) workers in the factory.

Задание 3. Перепишите и переведите предложения. Определите форму (Present, Past, Future) и функцию (основной, вспомогательный, модальный) глаголов TO BE и TO HAVE. Подчеркните эти глаголы в английском варианте.
1. For the safety of running trains all railroads were divided into divisions.
2. The foundation of the bridge has to be very secure.
3. All trains in one direction have even numbers.
4. Everybody knows that the importance of railways is great.
5. They are digging the ground for the foundation of the house.

Задание 4. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление времён группы Indefinite (Simple) (Present, Past, Future) в действительном и страдательном залоге. Выпишите сказуемые и укажите их видовременную форму и залог.
1. They learnt about the accident fr om the newspaper.
2. Nowadays all rails are made of steel.
3. Our train will depart at 10 in the morning.

Задание 5. Перепишите и переведите текст.
Franz Anton Ritter von Gerstner
F.Gerstner was an Austrian and Czech engineer. He was the first who built railways in Czech, Austria and Russia.
F.Gerstner was born in Prague in 1796. He was the fourth child in the family. His mother died when Franz was 12. He studied philosophy and engineering at the Prague University.
Sought to implement a project for the construction of a railway between Vitava and Danube, he travelled to England to study the construction of the first railways there. On September 7, 1824 the Austrian Emperor Francis II signed the concession for 50 years for the development and operation of the railway in Czech. The railway was built by 1832. By this time F.Gerstner had already become the famous Austrian engineer and a professor of Vienna Technological University.
In August 1834 Gerstner arrived in Russia where he was encouraged by the idea of building a railway. It took him 3 months for collecting statistics.
At the beginning of 1835 on his return to Moscow he gave a note to Emperor Nicholas I in which he outlined his views on the construction of railways. The note stated that…” There is no country in the world wh ere the railways would be more beneficial and even necessary, than in Russia, as they provide a great opportunity to reduce the distance by increasing the speed of movement…” In January 1835 F.Gerstner presented the tsar the plans for building the railway. Educated Construction Committee considered the construction of the railway in Russia useful and technically possible. The official opening of the Tsarskoye Selo railway was held in October 30, 1837.
In 1838 Gerstner was sent to America to study railways. He performed an intensive study of the problem and on his returned he recommended using the American specialists in the construction of a new railway line which would connect the two Russian capitals – Moscow and St.Petersburg. The tsar refused to do this. Instead of it two Russian engineers P.Melnikov and N.O.Kraft were sent to America to investigate the problem. Information which completed satistied the Russian government was received from George W.Whistler.
Gerstner died in Philadelphia in 1840 and W.Whistler proceeded to build the Nicholas I railway.

Задание 6. Укажите, какие из следующих утверждений соответствуют содержанию текста. Используйте фразы: It is right. It is wrong. Исправьте неверные утверждения.
1. F.Gerstner was born in London in 1745.
2. He studied at the University of Prague.
3. It took him 3 years to collect statistics for building the railway in Russia.
4. Nicholas I agreed to invite American engineers for building the railway.