К/р №2 по английскому (ARCHIMEDES)

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К/р №2 по английскому (ARCHIMEDES)



КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 2
ЗАДАНИЕ 1
Напишите начальную форму слов с учетом орфографических изменений:
1) studied; 2) travelled; 3) believed; 4) ashamed; 5) planning; 6) having; 7) beginning; 8) discoveries; 9) properties.

ЗАДАНИЕ 2
Переведите на русский язык следующие словосочетания:
1. The Mediterranean world centre
2. Everyday life problems
3. An astronomer son
4. The lever mechanics
5. The explanation discovery
6. Mankind heritage

ЗАДАНИЕ 3
Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения, обращая внимание на грамматические функции и значения слов one, it, that.
1. The first and simplest form of carriage was the one without wheels.
2. It was in 1890 that Zhukovsky published his first paper about the lifting power of the wing.
3. In 1891 Zhukovsky proved that it was possible to build gliders (планеры) that could even describe a loop in flight (мертвая петля).

ЗАДАНИЕ 4
Перепишите и письменно переведите неопределенно-личные и безличные предложения.
1. It seemed to Mendeleyev that different chemical elements were somehow related, but how?
2. One can see that it is possible to make partial conversion of 24 mass into energy, for example, by splitting atoms of uranium.
3. It was very late and there was nobody in the shop (цех).

ЗАДАНИЕ 5
Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения с модальными глаголами или их эквивалентами. В каждом предложении подчеркните глагол, выражающий долженствование.
1. At first man had no carriages and when he needed to carry things from place to place, he had to use his own muscles.
2. A travel to the Moon needs a great deal of planning. For a beginning we must decide what flight route we may follow.
3. There is a project of round-the-year sea and river navigation in which Russia, the USA and Canada should be jointly interested.
4. The problem now is to create new materials not existing in nature and having required properties.

ЗАДАНИЕ 6
Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения с модальными глаголами или их эквивалентами. В каждом предложении подчеркните глагол, выражающий возможность совершения действия.
1. Rontgen knew that the cathode rays could make screen glow.
2. An important factor of melting ice in the Arctic might be the possibility of round-the-year sea and river navigation.
3. Flying from one part of the world to another satellites will be able to investigate the balance of sunlight energy absorbed and dissipated in the earth's atmosphere.
4. The proposed structures may not have been established with complete certainty.

ЗАДАНИЕ 7
Прочитайте текст и переведите устно 1-й, 2-й абзацы, письменно 3-й, 4-й, 5-й абзацы.
ПОЯСНЕНИЯ К ТЕКСТУ
1.    Archimedes [a:kι’mi:di:z]- Архимед
2.    Syracuse [‘sιərəkjus] - г. Сиракузы (Италия)
3.    It is believed to have been 287 B.C. - считается 287 годом до нашей эры.
4.    То keep on - продолжать
5.    Lever - рычаг
6.    Pythagoras and Euclid - Пифагор и Эвклид
ARCHIMEDES
(287 - 211 B.C.)
1. Archimedes was born in Syracuse, on the island of Sicily. The exact year of his birth is in doubt, but it' is believed to have been 287 B.C. At that time Sicily was a Greek land. Archimedes was the son of an astronomer. He studied at Alexandria in Egypt, the intellectual centre of the Mediterranean world, and then returned to Syracuse.
2. He had been taught at Alexandria that a scientist must be above practical affairs and everyday problems. But these problems fascinated Archimedes. He was ashamed of this interest and kept no record of the mechanical devices he invented. But he kept on inventing them.
3. One of the Archimedes early achievements was the discovery of the explanation for the mechanics of the lever. «Make the lever long enough, push the long end down far enough, and any weight can be lifted at the short end» «Give me a place to stand on and I can move the Earth», - he said.
4. In the year 213 B.C. the Romans besieged Syracuse and in three years the city fell. But even defeat could not affect the restless brain of the scientist. When the Roman soldiers swarmed into the city, Archimedes was working out a scientific problem. A soldier ordered him to surrender, but he paid no attention to the soldier. The problem was more important to him. And the soldier killed Archimedes.
5. The great Greek mathematicians before his time, such as Pythagoras and Euclid, had considered mathematics an abstract science without practical uses. Archimedes applied his knowledge of mathematics to practical problems. He showed that it was possible to apply a scientific mind to the problems of everyday life. The discoveries of Archimedes have become part of mankind’s heritage.

ЗАДАНИЕ 8
Письменно ответьте па вопросы по тексту, учитывая типы вопросов.
1. Archimedes had been taught that it was possible to apply a scientific mind to practical affairs, hadn't he?
2. Was Archimedes born in 213 B.C.?
3. Did Archimedes surrender when a soldier ordered him or did he keep on working out a scientific problem?
4. Why did Archimedes keep no records of the devices invented?