Контрольная №2 по англ, вар 1 (MIKHAIL L
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Контрольная №2 по англ, вар 1 (MIKHAIL LOMONOSOV)
КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ №2
ВАРИАНТ 1
I Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе (б) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.
a) 1. Chemical science is successfully solving many complex problems.
2. Radio astronomy has given mankind efficient means for penetration into space.
б) 1. The reinforced concrete tower of the TV centre in Moscow was built after the design of Nicolai Nikitin.
2. Heat energy is transmitted in two different ways.
II Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них Participle I и Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Nylon was the first synthetic fibre used in clothing.
2. The atoms forming our planet are built of negative electrons, positive protons and ordinary neutrons.
3. This kind of treatment when used makes the metals heatresistant.
4. When passing through an electroscope, X-rays cause its discharge.
III Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. One object may be larger than another one, but it may weigh less.
2. Mass can also be defined as a measure of inertia.
3. Man-made satellites had to use solar cells as a source of power.
4. Plastics should be reinforced by different kinds of fibres (to reinforce – усиливать, укреплять).
IV Прочтите и устно переведите с 1-го по 8-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 2, 3 и 4-й абзацы.
MIKHAIL LOMONOSOV
1. Outstanding poet, founder of Russian literature and creator of the Russian literary language – that is how the father of the Russian science, Mikhail Lomonosov, is known.
2. A brilliant student, he was included among those who were sent abroad in 1736 to study chemistry and metallurgy. While abroad, Lomonosov studied philosophy, physics, mathematics and foreign languages. On his return to St. Petersburg, he was accepted in 1741 as an associate of the Academy of Sciences in physics. Four years later he was appointed professor and elected a member of the Academy.
3. After the death of Peter I in 1725, the Academy had fallen into hands of a group of pseudo-scientists - for the most part foreigners who were supported by the tsarist court and the Government. Lomonosov openly opposed these “academicians”. He fought for the success of his country’s science, devoting himself heart and soul to this work. In the words of the immortal Pushkin: “Lomonosov was a great man… . He founded the first Russian University; or to express it more clearly, he himself was our first University.”
4. Lomonosov established the first chemical laboratory in Russia, and headed it in its work. He published a number of books on Russian philology, lectured on physics, widened the practical application of natural sciences. For Lomonosov science was not an end in itself but a means for developing the productive forces and raising the cultural level of the people.
5. It was Lomonosov’s dream to develop scientists from among the people, “our own Newtons and Platons”. He fought for the establishment of schools for general education. He himself wrote books in his own Russian language, as opposed to the “purists” who recognized only Latin as the language of science.
6. As mentioned above, Lomonosov laid the foundation for the scientific study of the Russian language, created Russian grammar, developed prosody, opening up horizons to Russian literature. The great Russian critic, Belinsky, wrote of Lomonosov: “Our literature begins with Lomonosov, he was its father and mentor; he was its Peter the Great.”
7. There is hardly a single field of science which does not show the influence of his brilliant mind.
8. Lomonosov may thus truly be considered the father of the Russian science and at the same time a great educator, the first man to popularize science in Russia.
V Прочтите 5-й абзац текста и вопрос к нему. Из приведенных вариантов ответа укажите номер предложения, содержащего ответ на поставленный вопрос:
What did Lomonosov fight for?
1. … for the publication of his book.
2. … for the establishment of his laboratory.
3. … for the establishment of school for general education.