ЗабГу вар 10 Creative Fire

ВАРИАНТ 10
I. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Помните, что объектный и субъектный инфинитивные обороты соответствуют придаточным предложениям (см. образец выполнения 1).
1.    Now we know neutrino to have a rest mass (масса покоя) of about 30 electron-volts.
2.    The properties of the new material are known to be determined next month.
3.    Conduction is known to be a process by which heat is transmitted through a substance by molecular activity.
4.    All the changes of temperature and changes of state to be discussed are shown by a graph in Fig. 2.
П. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на пе¬ревод зависимого и независимого (самостоятельного) при¬частных оборотов.
1.    Working with machines, sharp tools, motors one must always be careful.
2.    The stream of electrons moving along the conductor is called electric current.
3. Powerful nuclear ice-breakers being built in our country, we began a new chapter in the history of Arctic exploration.
III.    Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский
язык следующие сложные предложения. Обратите внимание на то, как переводятся условные предложения.
1.    If you had translated the article, you could have used valuable data in your work.
2.    If the quality of the equipment were higher, the results of the experiment would be more accurate.
3.    It would be impossible to explain chemical phenomena without using the laws of physics.
IV. Прочитайте и устно переведите с 1-го по 5-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 2, 3 и 4-й абзацы.
Пояснения к тексту
1.    the Paton Institute of Electric Welding — Институт электросварки им. Патона (в Киеве)
2.    But they do — А они все-таки имеют(ся)
3.    divers — ныряльщики
CREATIVE FIRE
1. All the industries today are in need of new methods of joining metals together. And not only metals with metals but also joining metals with glass, plastics and many other materials. The work done by the Paton Institute of Electric Welding1 is consid¬ered to be the solution of these problems. For example, how to weld a 1,000 km-long pipeline? The Institute has developed a ma-chine for welding pipelines. The welding section in each pipe ex-ceeds 100,000 sq. mm. It would take 6-8 hours to perform this work by hand. The machine does it in two minutes.
2. The machine was tested in production conditions, the results being excellent.
3. It would seem strange to compare the steel constructions that produce oil in the Caspian Sea with a space station orbiting the Earth. What do they have in common? But they do2 – it is the need for making repairs, and repairs mean cutting metal and doing welding work.
4. The rapid development of the oil and other mineral resources of the ocean made the problem of underwater welding especially up-to-date. The equipment developed by Kiev scientists is very effective. New semi-automatic machines for underwater welding increased divers’3 productivity by 25-30 times.
5. And what about welding in outer space? The scientists understood that welding had to be done in conditions of weightlessness, in nearly complete vacuum and within a broad range of tem peratures - from 150°C below to 130°C above zero. The equipment, of course, must be reliable and safe.
V. Прочитайте 5-й абзац текста и ответьте письменно на следующий вопрос:
What are the conditions of welding in space?