раб 4 вар 4 basic properties

ВАРИАНТ  4

I. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видо-временную форму и залог глагола-ска¬зуемого (см. образец). Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The radar has been used for the automatic control of ground transport.
2.  Today plastics are being widely used instead of metals.
3. The construction of the dam has been completed this month.
4. The alloys were experimented upon in our lab.

II.    Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфи¬нитива в предложении
1.  То design new buildings is the work of an architect.
2. To measure volumes we must know the dimensions of a body.
3. Our plant was the first to install the automatic equipment.
4.  To attain this end careful attention must be given to the selection of cement, aggregate, and water.

III. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на функции глагола to HAVE
1. Students have two exams in January.  
2. He had to work hard to pass this exam.  
3. Russian researchers have just begun to study this phenomenon.    
4. You will have to repeat the material of the lectures before the exam.  

IV. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значе¬ния слова THAT
1. Not many scientists understood Einstein's discovery at that time.
2. That air and water pollution by industrialization is reaching dangerous levels is realized by everyone.  
3. The essential feature of higher education in this country is that it combines theory with practice.  
4. The territory of Moscow is larger than that of London.

V. Прочитайте и письменно переве¬дите на русский язык с 1-го по 4-й абзацы текста  BASIC PROPERTIES OF BUILDING MATERIALS

1. The effective use of any building material requires the knowledge of its physical and mechanical properties. The basic properties of building materials may be placed into several groups. The first group includes the physical properties of materials such as specific gravity, volume weight, density and porosity. Other important properties of building materials largely depend on the physical properties.
2. The second group incorporates the properties which show how a building material behaves when affected by water and frost; among these properties are: humidity, absorption of water, water-proofness, frost-proofness and others. The third group unites the mechanical properties of building materials: strength, hardness, etc. The properties of the fourth group are characterized by the behavior of materials when affected by heat: heat conductivity and resistance to fire.
3. Besides the basic properties, special properties are distinguished. The ability of certain materials to resist the destructive effect of acids, alkalies, salts and gases is referred to as chemical resistance or resistance to corrosion. A special group unites the so-called technological properties which characterize the ability of a material to undergo mechanical treatment. Wood, for example, is a material of good workability.
4. From what was said above it follows that the properties of building materials are of a very different nature.
Notes: alkali    щелочь                                         specific gravity     удельный вес
            
    VI. Прочитайте 2-й абзац и ответьте письменно на вопрос:
    What are the mechanical properties of building materials?