Английский язык

ВАРИАНТ 6

1. Выберите правильный вариант (задание выполняется по образцу, приведенному в варианте 1).
А. Граничить    1. borough
    2. border
    3. broad
    
Б. Равнина    1. plain
    2. paint
    3. plaint
    
В. Суд    1. couth
    2. church
    3. court
    
Г. Полоса    1. stripe
    2. stride
    3. strike
    
Д. Sunny    1. солнечный свет
    2. солнце
    3. солнечный
    
E. Republic    1. республиканский
    2. республиканец
    3. республика
    
Ж. Judicial    1. судебный
    2. судья
    3. судимый
    
З. Especially    1. несомненно
    2. особенно
    3. конечно

2. Определите функции – (е)s (образец выполнения см. вариант 1).
a) The USA has an area of over 9 million square kilometres.
б) The Mississippi travels through several states, it has been an important waterway since early times.
в) Originally there were only 13 states that’s why the flag has 13 stripes.
г) Congress consists of two Houses.

3. Найдите в четвертом абзаце текста прилагательные в превосходной степени, переведите их.

4. Образуйте множественное число от следующих существительных: area, country, part, day, stripe, beach.

5. Переведите текст на русский язык.

The United States of America
1. The United States of America is situated in the central part of the North America continent. It has an area of over 9 million square kilometres. It borders on Canada in the North and on Mexico in the South. It is washed by the Pacific Ocean in the West, the Atlantic Ocean in the East, and the Gulf of Mexico in the South-East;
2. There are high mountains, great forests, powerful rivers, dry empty deserts, wide plains, lakes of all sizes, rocky coasts and sunny beaches in the country.
3. The longest river in the United States is the Mississippi. It begins in the North of the country and ends in the Gulf of Mexico, nearly 4.000 miles (6400 km) away. Among other big rivers are the Colorado, the Missouri, the Hudson River and many others.
4. The population of the USA is the third largest in the world (after India and China). Today there are over 250 million people of many nationalities. Some of the biggest cities are New York, Chicago, Phila-delphia, San Francisco and others. Washington is the capital of the USA.
5. The USA is a federal republic, consisting of 50 states. Within the national government, power is divided among 3 branches: legislative, executive and judicial. Congress consists of two parts - the House of Representatives and the Senate. The President is the head of the country. The judicial branch is represented by several levels of federal courts.
6. The flag of the USA has 13 red and white stripes representing the original 13 states and 50 stars - for each of the 50 states of the country in our days.
7. The United State is a country of highly developed economy. It leads the world in industrial and agricultural production and has left the other countries far behind. Heavy industry includes such branches as mining, metallurgical, engineering and chemical industries. Textile industry is also well-developed, especially in the South near large cotton plantations.
8. Agriculture is very wide-spread, above all in the prairie regions. Cotton is grown in the Mississippi Valley, tobacco in Maryland and Virginia. California is famous for its fruit plantations, and the West - for its cattle-farming.

6. Ответьте на вопросы.
а) Where is the USA situated?
б) What is the population of the USA?
в) Who is the head of the state?
г) How many stars has the American flag?

7. Составьте два общих вопроса по тексту.

8. Составьте два специальных вопроса по тексту.

9. Образуйте три формы от следующих глаголов: to situate, to begin, to divide, to leave

10. Образуйте три степени сравнения от следующих прилагательных: big, powerful, wide, many
ВАРИАНТ 6

1. Найдите эквиваленты (задание выполняется по образцу, приведенному в варианте 1).
А. Землетрясение    1. earthward
    2. earthwork
    3. earthquake
    
Б. Разрушать    1. wrench
    2. wreck
    3. wreak
    
В. Внезапно появиться    1. burst
    2. hurst
    3. durst
    
Г. Безжалостный    1. truthless
    2. rudeness
    3. ruthless
    
Д. Попытка    1. attentat
    2. attend
    3. attempt
    
E. Залив
1. bay
    2. bye
    3. buy
    
Ж. Прыжок    1. pump
    2. jump
    3. lump
    
З. Полностью    1. completely
    2. gradually
    3. spontaneously

2. Образуйте Participle I от следующих глаголов: to disappear, to destroy, to use, to pump.

3. Образуйте Participle II от следующих глаголов: to make, to go, to break, to move, provide.

4. Найдите в третьем абзаце текста инфинитив в функции обстоятельства цели, переведите предложение.

7. Найдите в четвертом абзаце текста инфинитив в функции части составного глагольного сказуемого, переведите предложение.

5. Переведите текст на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод пожарно-технических терминов.

Earthquake and a Fire.
1. On April 18, 1906 great earthquake having disastrous consequences occurred in San-Francisco. Fallen or blocked chimneys and overturned stoves started fires in 50 or more points within the city. Most of the fire stations and alarm systems had been wrecked by the earthquake, but nevertheless, the firemen rallied quickly and worked systematically.
2. At first their efforts were successful, but after a short time the water in their hoses stopped. The water main having been broken, they were going to fight the fires without their normal water supply. They pumped water from ditches, cisterns and wells, and from the bay itself. But the flames jumped from one point to another faster than they could be fought. As the heat grew to an intense level, buildings which might have been fire-resistant burst into flames spontaneously as their interiors appeared to be above the kindling point. The fire-fighters attempted to use dynamite to make fire breaks in the city, but this was ineffective; the fire moved too fast.
3. By midnight on the 18th, most of the downtown of San-Francisco had been destroyed. The fires continued for 3 more days, on 3 fronts. They were gradually brought under control by the persistent efforts of the firemen using the limited amounts of water they could find in cisterns, and through ruthless use of dynamiting. Whole blocks were blasted in order to provide an effective fire break. By the morning of the 21st, the last of the fires which was threatening the waterfront and docks from the north was subdued by the combined efforts of the firemen on land and fire boats in the bay.
4. Now the city could count its losses: 30 schools, 80 churches and the homes of 250,000 people had been destroyed, with a loss of some 450 lives. The libraries, courts and jails, the theatres and restaurants had disappeared. The transportation system was completely wrecked. It has always been a matter for argument how much of this damage should be attributed to the earthquake and how much to the fire.

6. Ответьте на вопросы:
а) What occurred on April 18, 1906 in San-Francisco?
б) What started fires in 50 or more points within the city?
в) The attempt of using dynamite was ineffective, wasn’t it?
г) How many people had lost their homes?

8. Составьте два общих вопроса по тексту.

9. Составьте два специальных вопроса по тексту.

10. Составьте по-английски план пересказа текста.