Английский, вариант 1

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Вариант 1
I. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов to be. to have, to do.
1.    I have no time to go to this meeting.
2.    I had a large library.
3.    His task is to collect material on this subject.
4.    This article will be translated in time.
5.    All plants are variously classified.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом их них видовременную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого (см. образец 1) Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1.    This question was being discussed when I entered the room.
2.    The new principle of the construction will be insisted upon the inventor.
3.    All these problems will have been discussed by the time you come.
4.    The bridge was built in 1946.
5.    We were being shown a new film when he came.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения: подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, то есть укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык (см. образец 2)
1.    The vapour making the clouds supplies the earth moisture.
2.    Applying fertilizers we improve soil fertility.
3.    The farmers have built new cottages.
4.    The problem solved by my friend is difficult.
5.    I am sitting in the garden and reading newspapers.

IV. Перепишите следующие предложения, открыв скобки и выбрав правильную форму причастия. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1.    A word (speaking, spoken) in time may have very important result.
2.    (Hearing, heard) the sounds of music we stopped talking.
3.    The girl (washed, washing) the floor is my sister.

V. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива и инфинитивные обороты.
1.    We believe the new equipment to be used this year.
2.    To know foreign languages is very important.
3.    Many animals are known to feed on plants.
4.    The Moscow undeground is said to be the finest in the world.
5.    He wants to be invited to the evening party.

VI. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий и его функцию.
1.    The doctor told her to avoid sitting in the sun.
2.    There is no possibility of our seeing him this week.
3.    I heard of his having been appointed director at a big factory.
4.    Protecting the environment fr om pollution is most important today.

VII. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.
1.    The facts the newspaper referred to were very important.
2.    The invention he spoke about the last lecture is very interesting.
3.    Are you satisfied with the work the students have done?

VIII. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.
BASIC STAGES OF CROP PRODUCTION
Crop farming involves at least five separate operations: (1) preparing the soil, (2) planting, (3) cultivating, (4) harvesting, and (5) processing and storage. Modem farm equipment can perform each of these operations easily and quickly.
Preparing the soil. The main purpose of soil preparation is to make a seedbed - that is, an area of soil in which seeds can be planted and in which they will sprout, take root, and grow. Most farmers make the seedbed by a process called tillage. Tillage involves digging into the soil and mixing it. Tillage loosens the soil, kills weeds, and improves the circulation of the water and air in the soil. The chief tillage devices arc ploughs.
At ploughing time, most farm fields are scattered with dead stalks, leaves, and other plant wastes from the preceding crop. Other fields may have a cover crop, such as alfalfa or grass. Plant wastes and cover crops help protect soil from erosion. They also enrich the soil with nutrients if they are ploughed under.
Planting. Nearly all the field crops grown on the farms are planted by machines called planters or drills. These machines cut furrows (narrow grooves) in the soil, drop seeds into each furrow, and cover the seeds with soil — all in one operation. Some fertilizers and pesticides are applied to the soil during planting.
Cultivating. Herbicides applied before or during planting kill many kinds of weeds, but not all. Some weeds may develop with the crops. Farmers control such weeds with cultivators.
Harvesting. Farmers harvest their field crops with machines. They use combines to harvest most grain and seed crops, including barley, corn, rice, soybeans, and wheat. A combine performs several tasks. First, it cuts the plant stalks. Then, it threshes the cuttings - that is, separates the grain or seeds from the straw and other residues. The combine returns the residues to the ground and collects the grain or seeds in a tank or bin.
Some farmers harvest com with special machines. The machines pick the ears from the stalks but do not remove the grain from the ears. Special machines are also used to harvest other field crops, including peanuts, potatoes, and sugar beets. Some machines mow such crops as alfalfa and clover. The mowed crops are left on the ground, wh ere they dry and become hay.

Processing and storage. Crops raised to supply food for human beings are called food crops. Many food crops tend to spoil quickly and so farmers ship these crops to market as soon as possible after harvesting. Food grains, however, can be stored for months on farms that have the proper facilities. Before grain is stored, it must be dried. Most farms that store large amounts of grain have grain-drying equipment and large storage bins.
Crops raised to supply feed for livestock are called feed crops. Hay, silage, soybeans, and such grains as corn and sorghum are the principal feed crops. Corn, wheat, and soybeans are used for both food and livestock feed. Hay must be kept dry until it is used, and so it is usually stored in barns.